Business Environment Essay Example for Free

Business Environment Essayenlisting and retentionThe guide of recruit- there is been a new position arisen for Customer Service administrator in Buffs Supplies LTD. As now they gravel a website developed, there is a select of person who toilet run the website effectively, and make a very untroubled implement of the website to help the line to offer a good and improved utility for their guests.Job description- is there to provide a clear understanding of the none details for the commonwealth who ar going to gift. It outlines the things that he/she impart do during his/her occupation and it outlines the things that employer wants from the employee. So that Job description should include the following* The telephone circuit title/type* Position of the employee, who they extend to report to* The location* A summary of the moving ins objectives,* of import purpose/duties/responsibilities* Pay levels, and whatsoever potential increase, benefits, uniform/dress code* Hours/ holidays* How to apply and deadline for applicationIve designed a line of dress description document (please crack attached document) for Buffs Supplies LTD to assist my manager.Person specification- gives a vernacularrupt understanding of what kind of person that certain comp whatever wants for the job, and to identify the accept it onledge, learnings and ability to require to do the job as well as to fit deep d protest the company. It should include the following* Educational/ qualification- it is essential for schoolmaster jobs like lawyers, flyerants as it is directly connected to their surgical operation as well as they should know what they should/ should be doing. If you dont know the law you potful non work as a lawyer, simple* Experience and breaking- you may film to be experienced to be able to do a good job for your exercising and its likely for employers to specify length of magazine of experience on their job description. A good thing of b eing experienced is you may not need a qualification to do certain jobs if you atomic descend 18 experienced.* Personal arouse/ attributes- its helpful for both parties to understand apiece other as it shows the requirement of multitudes character for the job role. Persons interest may relate to the job role, for fashion model if you ar not comfortable with approaching to stranger, you may not be suitable for jobs like sales person who deals with customers face to face as part of their job role, if you enjoy talking to people you talent enjoy the work and motivated to be at work, meaning that success volition be a adpressed for you.Ive designed a in the flesh(predicate) specification with my job description for customer service executive.(Please see attached sheet)Different methods of advertizement a jobThere are number of method that you whoremaster use to advertise your job va shadowcy arises. It helps the company to r separately targeted group of candidate and it mi ght also depend on the people who leave alone be your candidate to choose where you would like advertise the job vacancy. First of either you lead need to throw off a good job description to help the candidate what youre looking for. Im going to write about diverse methods.1. Internal Advertising- you can employ people within the organisation instead of getting some one from outside. It might be cost efficient as you might not baffle to wear for enlisting agency to advertise your job, when you can move it on your companys website, employees board, send intimate netmails to everyone and even put it on companys facebook page. It is useful because if psyche wants to climb to the hightail it, they can do so by applying for the job vacancy.2. Online- you can advertise it by online through job websites such as Monster, Job Centre website etc. Advantage of online advertising is you might be able to reach a lot of people and they can search by location, effort or job titles t hey wish to apply.3. Recruitment Agency- you can also advertise it through these agencies with a small charge. They entrust advertise the job, maybe create the job description according to the company take and asses the applicants to ensure they fill the minimum requirements. It might be useful for them if the company needs a cater urgently they can quickly find someone to c everywhere as they build a lots of member who are seeking for jobs. they also4. Newspapers- this is a offline choice you can advertise it on a local newspapers to let the local know about the job vacancy.Importance of supply retentionI stand for recruiting a new staff is an expensive, because you allow return to advertise the job, do the search on the applications, reference them independently and also once you got the right candidate you will have to train them from the resume pointing every exclusive burn off points etc.Instead of going through all these you can try to retain the staffs you alrea dy has so that person is already know the companys style and people so it will be easier for him to work/deal with things. It is good for the company image and reputation to promote people within the organisation. If someone got hired and leaves after a month It will cause a problem, because they will have to do the recruitment process all over again and spend specie to recruit the person will be a waste. Existing staff might be overworked so it will wiz to unhappy employees and they will not perform their best as theyre tired of long hours and covering for someone else.However, communication channeles can avoid this situation by retaining staff as if the person stayed within the organisation and got promoted it is likely for the person to stay longer and work more(prenominal) harder as he will feel he is achieved something after working for the company.Ways of improving staff retention rateBusinesses calculate to see how long their staffs are tending to stay with the company vi ctimization the following formula.Number of staff leaving a year 100Average number of staff employed that yearThis formula helps them to identify any problem so that Human Recourse can act on it to research what is going on by preparing surveys for staffs to complete or organise an unfastened meeting with their staffs to know exactly what is going on, what is that they are happy and not happy with, so that they can act on it straight a itinerary.Reason to have high rate this is when employees are not happy with the work they do, or the environment they work with, or even the management they are working for. It could be anything to be not happy as human expectation is increasing with the technology. However, employers should provide the right facility with the right motivation to keep the employers happy and succus them effectively.Ways to avoid these situations to improve the rate you can do all sorts of things like showing them that they (employer) really care about them by listen ing to what they have to say, support them with their life, or organise some outside work events like weekend bowling competition to help them work closely with each other. nurse the work enter more challenging by doing competition with a price, a little dropment wont bring down the company, in that way work place might be more interesting and staff will perform better. Motivation is a key thing to get a better out of the staff and keep them within the business as well.b) Describe briny employability, interpersonal and personal dexteritys required by the new customer service executive.Organisations often look for people who are skilled or experienced so that it will be easier for both parties, from the employers view it helps them to replace the player quickly and it may save some notes as there might not need of training for example if he is learn as first aider, and the job requires to have a qualification the company does not have to train the staff who already has the qua lification for it, from the employees part of view it might be easier for him to do the job and as he is experienced he will have an idea of what he is expected to do, and will be paying(a) as a full employee, I mean some organisations pay lower wage for those who are not experienced enough.Employability skills this is the basic skills that are unavoidable to get, keep, and do the job. It is necessary for the candidate to have or knowledge these skills as it can be transferable during the employment as they go up the ladder in a modernised environment. It includes the following1. Qualification/ Previous experience in similar role and industryYou may not need any qualification for some profession, but you will need your GCSE or NVQ qualification for some job roles for example if you are seeking to work as look as such, you may even not need any qualification as long as you are experienced enough or maybe your employer will provide a full training to do the job. However, for profes sions like musical scoreant and lawyer or higher positioned job role which requires specialised skills/ qualification, you will definitely need not only GCSE but at least a Bachelors Degree to be considered in your application. According to my study book Im on the right track to develop and educate myself further.Having an experience in similar role is always a bonus for employers and it is more likely for employers to consider those who are experienced and it is big that you mention it on your CV or letter indicating that you have worked in this role in front. However, previous experience in similar industry is very beneficial for the employer, because they can get information about their competitors as well as an idea of how they worked to be more effective so that they can walk in a same level of their crowd. For example when I applied for a job in Harry Ramsden, Ive put on m CV that I used to work in McDonalds, so I knew that I would definitely be invited for an interview so I did, on my interview they asked me that how McDonalds motivate their workers to stay with the business longer as I worked there for quite long time, I said to the lady that if you hire me Ill tell apart you how they did it, and she smiled at me and welcome aboard It shows that it is useful for the candidates as well as the business.2. Knowledge of product/servicesThis is one of the moldiness have knowledge. For example you will obviously need to know about your product if you are a sales person, you should have a good knowledge of what you are going to sell. If you dont know of your product, you cant possibly persuade to sell it to different person.3. Effectiveness in meeting personal and squad targetsAs every business work towards achieving their aims and objectives, you must be able to meet targets to do so in the first place. You should clearly indicate if you have met any previous targets during your previous employment and any achievement, improvement you have set as a tar get for yourself past years, showing that to an employer will help you to get the job and it shows/proves that you are able to meet targets because of your previous achievement.4. Ability to observe and raise professional threadbaresThere is a quote I know from my country it says if you work your hands hard, your mouth will also work hard, which means if you work hard, you will be able to feed yourself, same as that if you work hard and have a vast office towards you work then you might get a reward/promotion. In business you are a professional, so you have to be professional to people taken be considered seriously and every organisation have a set of standard which you should meet.Personal skills Everyone have their own character and attitude from their childhood. It might be difficult for some to change that in a day because of the job you are doing, but for some it doesnt matter as you can learn them from others or on your own. Basically if you have the right attitude that the employer wants, it will attract the employer towards you as you are the right candidate for the job. For example if you are a kind, understanding, a good listener and most importantly patient and calm, then you are suitable for jobs like carer or consultant as the job itself requires you to be calm and a good listener as you will be hearing all kind of things and dealing with the public.A personal skill requires you to have the following1. Patient and hard workingPatient is a very difficult thing that human being can face in difficult situations. I would consider a person who is very patient is a very calm and collective person.For some jobs you will have to be patient and calm at all times, if you can do that employers are very like to keep them as it is difficult to find these kind of people in our society and I believe making your business successful is hard work and them patient. I mean you work very hard to figure your business, and it might not be success as you want it to b e, so you will have to be patient to drink the juice of your fruit you plant.2. squad workAbility to working as a team or a part of a team is essential for you and for your employer. If you are a peoples person/ easy to get along with people you might/can be a good team player as it is all about communicating and understanding each and everyone one of the team players. Employers will always look for a people who can work with the team as if you have a say of different people you can get the work done quickly and more effectively, because the things you dont know, the other people might know so it is better for more brain than only one.Interpersonal skills this is the skill that how you approach or deal with people and also how well you communicate with others.Customer Service ExecutiveEmployee SkillsPersonal SkillsInterpersonal Skills* Good written and spoken skills* Good IT knowledge* Previous experience in customer focused environment** A good team player* Problem solving* Hard w orking* Friendly* Professional** An excellent communicator* Good with people*c) Assess the importance of employability, interpersonal and personal skills in the recruitment and retention of staff in a selected organisation.Ive chosen The Manchester College to assess in this task I think The Manchester College is the largest college in Manchester and in the UK.It is important for the college to consider employability and personal skills when recruiting staff as it is an schoolingal institution, I believe the instructors should be educated as a teacher and also the subject of their own to give their scholarly persons the best knowledge possible. If the college needs to hire a new staff they should consider to hire experienced staff to save that money to put towards the existing staff training, bonus for those who worked overtime during the recruitment process, so that people get rewarded after the hard work theyve done for their organisation, in doing that college manages to keep their staff happy, that means it is likely for them to stay within the organisation longer.To work more efficient college can carry out a skill auditing to identify the skill gap within the organisation and decide whether to hire new staff or train their existing staff. Communication is the key skill that college needs to have to be able to understand their student and their needs, so it is essential for their staff to have strong communication skills in written and verbally as it is a large organisation people will need to communicate in writing. Employees of the college should be presented and act in a professional manner, so that student and teachers will be look separately.Employability skills will be required for teachers as they have to be qualified in certain areas, whereas administrator of the college will not need to have a qualification if she/he is experienced enough. assess 2a) Select an organisation and describe the main physical and technological re pedigrees that are touch on in the running of your selected business.Physical resources this is the things that business can use to run their day to day activities includes machinery, buildings and facilities.For my chosen organisation The Manchester College, it is very important for them to use all the resources to run effectively. They are number of main physical resources which needs them to run the business.1. Building and FacilityBuilding of your business may play an important role as you might not think, it is very important for businesses to have to well presentable building as it is effective in many different way. For example in my country there is a bank called Coin and the building is round and gold coloured. Anyone who saw that building will know it is a bank and will go straight to it as it is located near the airport, foreigners will have to get their money changed before they take a taxi etc. I think the prettiest campus of The Manchester College is Openshaw and it has a lots of facil ities that is available for students and staffs to use such as IT suites for multimedia students, an award winning training restaurant, workshop for construction, engineering and galvanic students, hair and beauty salons etc. I think the facilities that are available for student and staffs are amazing and it will be very useful for students to use these to improve their knowledge on things that they are studying.2. Materials and wasteThe need of materials will depend on the business type as they all use different things. For my chosen organisation they are likely to use papers, computers, printers, pen, pencil, projectors and all sorts of office equipment as they are small teachers offices. Businesses should keep a close eye on what they waste, if you do that it will help them to cut costs and work more environmentally friendly.3. Plant, machinery and equipmentBusinesses spend thousands of pounds on equipment and machineries to work more quickly and efficient. It is essential for t hem to have them and an up to date one as it helps the business run smoothly. For example teachers at The Manchester College use projectors to make it more easier for students to read or see what the teacher is teaching, and we have a library with computers which students and staffs can use to do their work.4. Security, insurance and emergency provisionI believe The Manchester College follows the Health and Safety act as Ive seen the fire exits and there were . Also they must have the policies and provisions if there is an event of fire, there must be a staff who are trained to lead the way or make way for people in that event to keep them calm and put them in the right direction, and the people who have come to study/work to the college should have had a training or at least shown the fire exits or false alarm to see if the fire alarm works and to people know what to do in that event. All the building must have insurance against things like this to ensure the building and the emplo yee/customers are entertained, so that in any case of accident the insurance company will pay for the person who is injured or pay money to the persons family in the event of death. scientific resources- are not only computers and printers which can be treated as physical resources. There are four main areas1. adroit propertyThis is the right to own ideas and have a right to concerning what happens to them, if the one of the staff has new idea that no one has the business can protect it from others to use it so that business will only benefit from this idea to make more profit or attract more people. For my college if one of the teacher/ advisor got a new idea of having a nursery on site which can be paid by day and any student/employee can give their child it would be a good and new idea as it enables students with children to study/work and easy to bring her child to the place they study/work, and the business protected it, only The Manchester College can use this idea to bring in more students.2. Accumulated experience and skillsThis is an experience gained over a number of years when a person has come across lots of different issues to do with the job. There is a good side and not so good side by keeping employers for a very long time. Of course, it will be worth if the employee is the brilliant one, if so the level of experience will grow. Not so good side is if it the experienced staff is not handled carefully, it may result that you will have to pay more for them or give them a special condition whereas you can hire a new staff with the same or higher skills and pay low wages. For my college I think the employees are likely to stay longer and I think teachers are feel privileged when the student comes back to her/him to show what they have got out of their education that is gained from the teacher and college.3. Software licences, patents and feignrightI believe The Manchester College bought a license from Microsoft to use their Microsoft Office Pack as it will cost them cheaper than buying it individually and install them on computers which they have a hundreds and thousands of them. So it is enabling them to use it unlimited with a one off payment. Often it is allowed for businesses to do so, not for single person/public. Patents and copyright has always been tricky to protect or should I say difficult to prove the person who stole it, because people may copy the whole idea and change the name of it to pt it on the market, so apparently it is different as it has a different name and maybe more or less different, but if people see it they wont even recognise or know the difference. I remember one girl was selling a hoody with the logotype of the college without permission from the college back home, so the college found out and they fined her parents as she was not an adult herself.b) Explain how the management of human, physical and technological resources can improve the work of your selected organisation.Human ResourcesE very activity is carried put by human at The Manchester College and other businesses, so it is essential for businesses to have the right source of people to work towards their main aims and objectives. They must improve/ update their Human Resources to work effectively. I believe that my college try to manage its human resource at the level of standard as the best to provide the better future and education for us the students, considering the highly professional staff they have in my college, they hire the best possible staffs with ability and interest to care for students, so that staff will have better understanding of what students needs, also they train their staff accordingly with the new technologys or hire new staffs who have new skill which can be introduced to the other staff. To do those things there is department especially designed to do that job.Their main job role is to manage and control the employees in the college, meaning hiring a new staff, train the existing one s to improve their employers ability to have the best source of employees. To manage its staff successfully the college tries to keep the existing staff as it is beneficial for the college as longer the staff stays, college wont have to advertise jobs and train them which costs money for them to do that, instead of spending money on new person who is perplexing as an entry level, the company embellish in their people who have stayed with them on the long run so that the employee will feel that they belong there and work more harder.Team work is always important for organisations like Manchester College as it is very large organisation and everyone have to work as a whole to get the work done, to improve team performance organisation do things like group activity, staff meeting and staff day out to make them closer so that they work with each other more comfortably, if they work closely the organisation will benefit from the use of full staff performance and things will go quicker and smoother, so that they can move forward to their next objective.Physical ResourceIf the college have a good facility for students, it can attract more students and people would be looking to work for them as basic standard of facility needs to meet and higher would be an advantage. It also important for them to use these facilities with its full use and keeping them up to date as the things are developing very fast and things are getting out of fashion quickly. For example if the student had well-read Microsoft Office 2003 in their IT class by the time they finish their studies and find work would be 2007 and he might struggle if the new employer has the newer version and he doesnt know how to use it properly even though it is similar to the older version, he will not get the all the benefit that the software is offering.Technological ResourceAs the college uses a lot of paperwork and papers, it is crucial to save them as they need to be used for hard evidence, however I would like to hint that teachers can send their assignment brief to student e-mails which college have provided for them it saves the trees and we are going to be use the e-mail which is one of the facility college improved pass away year and I think we are not making a full use of it and it feels it might be waste of money to have e-mail address and not using it, to motivate students to use their e-mail college can put their names instead of student number which will look more real and nice, and not allow to have an access to any other mail service in the library so that student have no choice but to use it properly. If we can do that we will reduce the use of papers and use the facility which we dont use.Task 3a) Describe the sources of internal and external finance, available to Barneys business.There are two main ways that business can access financial resources1. Internal sources ( within the business)This is the money you can get within the businessOwners savings- I believe Barney has some money for himself if he is thinking to start a new business, because its the owners who are often invest in their company to cover the setting up costs. It might be the only source they available immediately for them as for sole traders like Barney, banks or other financial institution unlikely to offer a loan as there is too much risk involved, and if you have that kind of money it is really good for the business as you will not have to pay it back by monthly or pay an interest.Capital from profit- this will become available after the business set up and operating. Once they have run for certain time, they may make some profit to invest into the business to run or buy more stock or buy new machinery to grow the business2. External sources (outside the business)There are number of different external sources that business can get money from to help them to set up or invest in.Banks- they can offer loans, overdrafts and business account to businesses but you will have to hav e a good business plan to get it. Loans are not easy to get and might not be a good option for small business as you must pay it back with interest in certain amount of time and if the company goes down the owner will end up with huge debt. The choice I would suggest is the overdraft for him as it is flexible and you wont have to pay a penny unless it is used, there are some banks who offer interest free overdraft, if you can get it will be a winFriends/Family- you can always seek for help from your friends and families and you can even offer them a share for return of their investment or just borrow some money from them to put towards the business if they are nice enough. I would say it is the best option of borrowing money as you dont pay interest and it is your family they will not give you to court unless you run with their money.Government grants- these are available from the EU, national/local government. A grant is money you can receive as a business man a good thing about it is that you dont have to pay it back. If Barney falls under the age group of 18-30 he can get a low interest loan from Princes Trust.Task 4(a) The purpose of figures, and how they can be used to monitor and control the performance of Barneys business, including, the monitoring of tangible performance against budget and the use of variance analysis.Budget is a written plan with spending which will occur and a revenue that is need in the future to cover these costs. The purpose of it is it gives you clear understanding of what to expect to spend/receive in the future (coming year) to prevent or act any crisis before it happens. It also can be used as a communication between the employees to understand the objectives of the business and work towards it. For owners they can see how well their managers managing the budget plan and performance of them.Budgetary control1. Set objective for BarneyObjective for Barney could look like this* Do a business related course* dispirit informati on on government grants* Find any other fund that is available to him2. Set a plan to how to achieve these objectivesHe can start of with* Do a year course in business related or hair styling course to have a better understanding of how business operate* Design business plan to show it to the banks and to apply for government grants* Get advise from people who are in the same business as his to find out what needs to be done orderly* Do an online research on advise and support from government websites to collect necessary documents to apply for government grant* Hire someone to do research on the market things like where to open the salon, and what kind of people lives in the area, and what is the average income for people in that area to help to set a price etc.3. Prepare the planYou should produce a budget plan to attach it with your business plan to show how much is going to cost what and how you can manage to pay for it etc and you should compare it with the actual figure to ana lyse the situation of what has gone impose on _or_ oppress or right and then you can take some action to prevent it in the future and more experienced on the next budgeting.Task 5a) Study the contents of the profit and exhalation account and balance sheet for Wansbeck Motors Ltd and give an account of the worthiness of the business by explaining the purpose of each element.Purpose of balance sheet- is important as it shows the value of the business.* Assets things that business own* Liabilities ( debts a business owns)* Equity (the amount invested in the business)Purpose of profit and loss account- it shows how much money business making and how much money they are losing and you can identify it by looking at the profit and loss account to do something about it.

Motivation to Pursue a Healthcare MBA program Essay Example for Free

Motivation to Pursue a Healthcare MBA program EssayEarly in life, my family taught me the value of work, the importance of managing, respecting, gratifying the ask of the employees satisfactorily and the rigors of establishing and maintaining a credit line. For over 20 years, my family has owned and operated a chain of 11 convenient stores and other micro businesses. Surrounded and influenced by the ups and downs of daily business life I developed the impetus to succeed in a business setting.With this business experience, the compilation of science courses taken throughout college and the experience gained in the industry, I am determined to further develop my stance on how I could be most valuable in the society as a healthcare administrator or hospital CEO. Throughout the years I start out acquired the basics of understanding the health care set up, but a Healthcare MBA from George Washington University is thus the master key to give me the knowledge and skills necessary t o conscientiously and professionally execute the responsibilities of hospital CEO.During my time whilst at UNC, I was involved with the agency, Communities in Schools, whereby I offered to mentor and/or tutor high school students. A particular experience I cherish is when I helped a certain weak student, who had lost hope in school, to build confidence and motivation to study hard and pass his exams. The student is now attending college and attributes his success to my helping him discover his own potential. These endeavors have allowed me to assume the role of a mentor and an instructor, and have further taught me to become a communicative leader who tolerate guide others in their development.Moreover, the sheer amount of pleasure I received from aiding the students in achieving their polishs reflects my commitment to a career of service, which your program will steer me towards perfecting. I have perfected my abilities to work well under pressure with minimum supervision throug hout the years the necessary virtues of a good administrator. Perhaps charge more important, throughout my experience, I have discovered the importance of sharing and accepting criticism.I understand how to deliver feedback without judging or discouraging others, and I use the advice of others to improve my own behavior. I admit that throughout my college education, my academic performance was sub-par however, I attribute this to spending ample time participating in various non-academic activities. I was pushed to my limit as I was compelled to balance my time between studying and maintaining involvement in other aspects of my life that I am passionate, serving others and dancing.Although being an active person affected my scholastic performance, it was my involvement in those activities that stimulated my leadership potential, trained me to network with various agencies, and allowed me to give something small back to my community. It takes perseverance, drive and passion to rise a bove set-backs that we create for ourselves along the way and my long-term goal has served as the light at the end of the tunnel. My goal is simple intellectual enrichment and to use my knowledge to help build a better society.The experience, knowledge and skills I have accumulated this far, put me in a position to successfully embark on new challenges. I want to pursue a higher degree because I know I have the potential to achieve academic success and thus redeem my undergraduate academic experience. It is my belief and conviction that a person is educated if they constantly sieve to attain knowledge while simultaneously recognizing the usefulness of this knowledge towards society. Confident in my ability to adapt well and learn new techniques, I am ready to commit and follow the advice of my mentors pursue a Healthcare MBA from George Washington University.

Relationship Between Ontology Epistemology And Methodology Philosophy Essay

Relationship Between Ontology Epistemology And Methodology Philosophy EssayThere is no disbelieve that oneness rout out only grasp the socio transparent noesis when examining the process of thoughts that stand behind e genuinely single enquiry in social science. In essence, the ontological and epistemological positions represent the basis of the work of political scientists. On the surface, these positions are often not apparent but they can be demonstrate by the process of methodology. Therefore, it is, to a large degree, necessary to apprehend the connection mingled with the metrical foots of research.The first part of this essay forget focus on the interpretation of the these key concepts of research ontology, epistemology and methodology. Furthermore, the essay will examine and evaluate the connection between the ontological and epistemological positions, such as Positivism and Interpretivism. Secondly, the essay will concentrate on the analysis of the carnal noesissh ip between these three stances in price of social research. It will be argued that there is a close and logical relationship between the ontology and epistemology but also methodology, however some other perspectives will be take into account as well.Ontology and epistemology play very monumental share in philosophy but also in the work of political scientists because both terms are utilize in relation to the intelligence of theoretical issues in their thesis. It can be argued that these theoretical positions are fundamental to their process of research and scientists inclination to subject as they shape the approach to conjecture and the methods that are employed by social scientist ( fen Furlong, 2010 p. 184). It is vital to recognize that both ontology and epistemology are mainly based on the researchers beliefs and personal persuasion ab come to the fore the concept of world and have certain methodological consequences (Hay, 2002 p. 61).The first term ontology can be used to relate to the scientific and philosophical theory of being. It primarily deals with the mere(a) structure of the world and what exactly does it signify to exist in that world. In other words, ontology is concerned with the question is there a real world out there that is independent of our knowledge of it? (Marsh Furlong, 2010 p. 185).1 To point out, there are two explicit ontological positions firstly, foundationalism postulates that the real world exists as a mosaic which is consisted of respective(a) substances be in the world, individually of world experience, knowledge and thought secondly, anti-foundationalism predicates that the real world does not occur independently of our knowledge, however it is socially constructed by human actors (Grix, 2004 p. 61). It must be noted that the ontological issues have substantial theoretical significance. To a certain extent, ontological matters are inextricably linked with the epistemological foundation of research.The second ter m epistemology represents the theory of knowledge and its epistemological assumption is focused on the study of the nature of the world and how we know what we know (Marsh Furlong, 2010 p. 185), so it is direct at knowledge- get togethering process (Grix, 2004 p. 63). In faux pas of epistemology, there are also two major epistemological positions being associated to foundationalist and anti-foundationalist ontology firstly, positivist epistemology2 views the world as existing independently of knowledge of it (Marsh Furlong, 2010 p. 190), therefore the objectivity is achievable due to the fact that the things are perceived by individuals in the identical manner secondly, interpretivist epistemology3 concerns with the disputability of object or value-free observation which is largely influenced by the personal perceptions and social constructions of the world. The key aspect of this argument is that the essence of the world is illuminated by heterogeneous actors whose interpretatio ns are construed by the observer, therefore this echo hermeneutic4 results in limited objectivity (Grix, 2004 p. 81).5The term methodology arises from the ontological and epistemological position of the researcher, therefore it is more than evident that between ontology, epistemology and methodology is close interconnection. Methodology is mainly associated with the design of the research, and the approach to data analysis. Furthermore, this term is generally employed to refer to the whole process of data collection in the research. It is indispensable to realize that certain types of epistemologies require the specific use of survey methods (Hay, 2002 p. 63).6____________________________________________________1 In terms of political realm, the ontological question can be formulate as what is the nature of the social and political reality to be investigated? (Hay, 2002 p. 61)2 Positivism results from the empiricist tradition of natural science and emphasizes that there is analogy between social science and natural science hence according to positivists view, the relationship between social phenomena may be formed, using theory to generate hypotheses which can be tested by direct observation (Marsh Furlong, 2010 p. 194). From this follows, that the real world exists and represents an objective entity, therefore it is possible to perceive the reality around us, independently of our knowledge of it. In positivism, quantitative research tools 7 are convoluted in modulate of magnitude to be able to generalize and replicate collected data. It is important to emphasize that the main suffer of positivists is to explain a particular behavior rather than the meaning of this behavior (Marsh Furlong, 2010 p. 194).3 On the other hand, Interpretivism (or Relativism) is characterized by its denial of objective real world. According to interpretivists, the real world does not exist as it is constructed through the interactions of individuals (Grix, 2004 p. 83). Additio nally, it is impossible to use a pure observation in order to perceive social phenomena, mainly because they are dependent on the personal interpretation. So it might be said that every observation affects what is observed gum olibanum objectivity cannot be maintained considering that researcher are not detached from the subject (Grix, 2004 p. 83). In interpretism, qualitative research methods8 are applied to create a more precise transforming of social behavior and clearly ignore aspects, such as the meaning and explanation of that behavior.4 The term double hermeneutic relates to the act of interpreting an actors perception and interpretation (Interpretation 1) of his or her situation in a particular context (Interpretation 2) effectively an interpretation of an interpretation (Grix, 2002 p. 81) therefore this double interpretation is less unbiased and objective than the initial interpretation.The Analysis of Relationship between Ontology, Epistemology and MethodologyIt is essen tial to highlight that the relationship between the key terms ontology, epistemology and methodology is directional in the way that ontology logically precedes epistemology which logically precedes methodology (Hay, 2002 p. 63). Furthermore, these concepts should be set apart considering that they are inextricably linked (Grix, 2004 p. 60).According to Marsh and Furlong, ontology and epistemology represent a skin not a sweater therefore it is clearly impossible to put on and take off these research foundations whenever the research chooses (Marsh Furlong, 2010 p. 184). This reflects the methodological consequences of polar positions and indicates that researchers demand various positions in order account for their selected method. Nevertheless, the ontological positions are very significant in terms of interrelationship between epistemology and methodology, thus it could be said that certain ontological positions result in epistemological positions. It is worth noting that the foun dationalists beliefs (ontology) represent a premise for positivist or a realist traditions (epistemology) of research whereas the anti-foundationalists views result in an interpretivist position. This implies that there is strong link between all components of research, therefore it is vital to approach these major blocks of research collectively.According to Mason, the role of epistemology lies in the fact that it leads to creation of knowledge and explanations about the ontological components of social world (Grix, 2004 p. 64). Moreover, it is substantial to realize that there might be more than one particular epistemology, thus at the same time they will not be analogous or coincident with their own ontological position. However, it is clear that various epistemological positions require to employ a divers methodology, therefore it can be argued that there is dependency between epistemology and methodology.7 To a certain extent, this means that contrastive ontological and episte mological positions can result in completely diverse views of the same type of social phenomena.Another relevant point is that Spencer raises a very apt question how can we have a theory about what knowledge is, without some presupposition about the nature of the knowledge? (Marsh Furlong, 2010 p. 188) Therefore, in Spencers opinion, ontology is prior to epistemology so that knowledge can be logically generated from their close relationship. While these two concepts are narrowly related, they have to be kept separate in order to start the research from a persons view of the world (Grix, 2004 p. 66).8ConclusionIn conclusion, it is extremely crucial to recognize that these three theoretical positions play a crucial role in a set of conceptions concerning the research theory. Due to the high level of generality, ontology is a type of concept that is rarely utilized. However, epistemology and methodology are used more frequently. Most importantly, otology, epistemology and methodology are interlinking and dependent on each other and together denotes the more or less important contrasts between various slipway of knowing. Finally, Marsh and Furlong maintain a position that there is an evident interdependence between epistemology and methodology, also Hay sees a directional dependence in relation to ontology, epistemology and methodology. However Smith advocates that it is not possible to create a hierarchy between these terms because all of them are narrowly interrelated together.____________________________________________________5 In a sense, epistemology can be employed in the connection with positivist epistemology which means that the knowledge claims basically are grounded on the universal principles of the natural science. The most crucial point is, therefore, that the ontological assumptions made about the nature of the reality and world, in some way, have far-reaching consequences for the chosen epistemological position.6 In case of a positivist epistem ology, the research methods are in form of surveys and questionnaires in order to be analyzed quantitatively. Whereas, a interpretists epistemology uses methods, such as participant observations and disorganised interviews to gain quantitative analysis and data.7 In Brymans view, there is nothing inherent in the properties of the different methodologies which prevents their use by researchers who are operating from different epistemological positions (Read Marsh, 2002 p. 232-3).8 On the other hand, it is crucial to highlight that some scholars, such as Smith, consider ontology and epistemology as two interconnected realms. According Smiths view, incomplete ontology nor epistemology is prior to the other, but instead he sees the two of them as mutually and inextricably interrelated (March Furlong, 2010 p. 188). From this statement follows that it is not possible to undermine the importance of ontology at the put down of epistemology or the other way around, therefore ontology cann ot be considered as prior to epistemology.AppendixAppendix 1 The Definition of Qualitative and Quantitative Data in Social Research7 When qualitative data is adopted in social science as a way for conducting an experiment or analysis, its aim is principally to create a complete and detailed description for a particular fact. Qualitative data is presented in form of words and images. In this case, the knowledge claim can be supported by individuals who develop subjective and direct concern with the meaning of involved experience in order to understand the complexity of views. Therefore, it is important for researcher to become subjectively engaged in the subject matter (Grix, 2004 p. 117-8).8 The quantitative data has a very frank purpose, to classify features, count them, construct statistical model in an attempt to explain what is observed. For that reason, quantitative data involves numbers and statistics. This type of data reflects a inquire to explore causes that affect certai n results, thus the assumption is also based on thorough observation and measurement of objective reality in the world. The researcher, in this instance, tends to be objective in terms of the concerns (Grix, 2004 p. 122).However, as it follows from the description of qualitative and quantitative data, the major difference between these two types of data lies in their distinct functions. It is quite essential to realize the fact that qualitative data is related to research that inclines to use an inductive approach to develop theory therefore the researchers gather the data from the study of a particular sample of people and maintain an understanding of social behavior as it arises from this data. On the contrary, quantitative data is involved in research that is directed to deductive approach, using predominantly hypothesis and examining it in order to prove true for the general sample (McBride Schostak, 2011).

Addison And Steele Predecessors To Modern Media Media Essay

Addison And Steele Predecessors To Modern Media Media EssayJournalism is gener bothy recognized as, the collection, preparation, and distri andion of word and cerebrate commentary . . . through such media as pamphlets, newsletters, newspapers and other electronic media.(11, n. pag.) Even though moderne journalism porees mainly on the news and current events, it does non necessarily have to be restricted to this certain subject. Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele were 18th century writers and they have employed journalism in many of their writings. (11, n. pag.) The most popular utilization is The Spectator which was one of the most popular pieces of literature written by them. However, they were non necessarily the first journalists, or to employ journalism in their writings. Although Addison and Steele were not the first journalists they still exemplified qualities and similarities of journalism in their literary work.Joseph Addison (1672-1719) was an English writer and po litician. (13, n. pag.) His literary career developed alongside his political career. (1, 15) Despite his political career, He favored to be a man of letters rather than a man of affairs. (3, 46) As a writer Addison wrote many types of literature which include poems, prose and essays which to a fault included many cyclic essays. (13, n. pag.) If it were not for his essays, Addisons literary reputation would be insignificant. (3, 46) Addisons character was that he was curious and observant, was affiliated to a virtuous character, a love of his fellow-men, a reverence for antiquity, and a keen sense of humour. (xiii -xiv) He finds human characteristics, conduct, thoughts and feelings to be interesting. (6, xxii) He overly found interesting to contrast a, mans absolute capacities of greatness with his infinite capacities of littleness. (6, xxii) This means that he found comparing humans capability to do good and to do wrong interesting. (6, xxii)What makes Addison such a good write r is that he employs several techniques in addition to his honed writing skills. When he is writing he, unobtrusively avoids hammering away at the same theme, for he would think it both naughtiness taste and bad policy to bore his hearers. (4, 278) He to a fault, is averse from every last(predicate) exaggeration he uses neither high-sounding phrase nor dramatic gesture he is readier to praise than to find fault. (4, 278) Addison is in like manner a, master of the art of quickening and holding attention. Once you have started for a stroll with him as your companion, you follow his lead to the end, enrapture by the beauty and variety of the scenes through which he takes you. . . . (4, 273) When he wrote prose one may describe it as, so natural its art, that its occasional lapse into an insouciance reveals a true gentlemanly decorum rather than the frigidly inhuman and geometrical correctness. . . . (7, x) As Addison grew more(prenominal) popular with his writings his consultat ion also grew in size. He utilized this opportunity, to introduce a large circle of readers to such subjects as the criticism of tragedy, true and false wit, recommendations of b totallyad simplicity, and the morals or immorality of comedy. (3, 49) What also made him a unique author was that, In circumstances of pressing political crisis, when other men were angry and bitter, he shows his best qualities he is extremely amusing, but reasonable and constructive too. (3, 51) As his audience grew he thought that he had an obligation to educate them and to bring some(a) new knowledge into their lives, in which he mentions, Since I have raised to myself so great an audience, I shall spare no pains to make their instruction agreeable, and their diversion useful, for which reasons I shall endeavour, to enliven morality with wit, and to temper wit with morality. . . . (4, 275) He construes this idea because, he is deeply alarmed . . . at the relaxation of all moral standards that prevail am ong his fellow-citizens like them Addison believes that this state of affairs cannot continue without danger and dishonor. (4, 275) Addison used all, if not most of these techniques in his writings, which included The Spectator. He joined together with his lifelong friend Sir Richard Steele and they both wrote The Spectator which became the forerunner to the modern day newspaper. (2, 1911) (2, 1912)Sir Richard Steele (1672-1729) was English essayist, journalist, and politician who was born in Ireland. He is best known for his work with Joseph Addison on The Spectator. (14) He actively entered politics from 1707-1710 and began to write periodical essays with Addison, which first included The Tatler and then The Spectator. (14) (2, 1911) Steele, like Addison, had similar goals in his literary works. His works were unique because he, preached in a supple and precise style, that was warm and penetrating. (2, 1912) He, wrote on subjects from describing London and of life in the country to articles on dueling and question of immortality, preached the gospel of reformed gentility and true gentle manliness to oppose the artificial elegance. (2, 1912) resembling Addison, Steele tried to reform society by providing new and important data and to people in order to educate them. He, ardently desired to stop all the men and women whom he saw around him from falling into the snares of folly and vice. . . . (8, xii) This was one of the few goals of his literary work, which included The Spectator.The Spectator was a periodical that ran from 1711 to 1712. Even though The Spectator was a periodical and that Addison and Steele were journalists, the writings themselves, show few signs of journalisms interest in news, and indeed on the whole they avoided it. (3, 47) In which Addison confirms the notion by facial expression that, My paper has not in it a single word of news, a reflection in politics, nor a stroke of party so on the other, thither are no fashionable touches of i nfidelity, no obscene ideas, no satire upon priesthood, marriages, and the like popular topics of ridicule no private scandal, nor anything that may tend to the slur of particular persons, families, or societies. (10, 248) Through his writing of The Spectator, Addison neither insulted nor condemned anyone, whether of Right or Left. He excluded not only party politics from his paper but also partisan and sectarian morality. . . . (4, 277) This idea of Addison and Steele wanting to publish a work of literature without bias showed that they wanted to have literary work could be applicable to all kinds of people. (4, 277) However, the true purpose of The Spectator was, to bring philosophy out of the closets and libraries, schools and colleges, to dwell in clubs and assemblies, at tea tables and in coffee-houses. (7, xiii) Addison devoted himself to the genteelness of people. (4, 310) In other words, Addison and Steele wanted to bring education to the common people, through their lit erary work. (7, xiii) The Spectator had no specific audience to which it catered to. Addison and Steele meant its main audience to include all kinds of people, it did not matter whether a person was male or female, or their political stance. (4, 266)Media today has come a long way since the times of Addison and Steele. However, some main aspects are similarly displayed. First of all, the role of the media is to educate people on current events, news and to provide people with entertainment. Addison and Steele also expressed this information in some of their literary works. However, the media today is more focused more on wanness, which is the use of, startling or thrilling impressions used to excite an audience and to increase viewership. (15, n. pag.) Addisons and Steeles goals were to educate through their media, not to gain a large audience for the purpose of popularity. (4, 310) Modern media does encourage spectatorship, but maybe not in the way as Addison envisioned it. Today, media encourages spectatorship, but through different means than Addison and Steele had done. For example, media today offers many entertainment shows and programs that are based on earth, that are called reality shows. These shows supposedly focus on the reality of things and offer spectatorship to the viewers. However, these reality shows do not necessarily focus on educating people and some of these shows do not have any intellectual value. They primarily focus on providing entertainment to the masses and are rated on popularity rather than on intellectual merit. Journalism, since the time of Addison and Steele, has also suffered due to this shift in medias priorities. Journalism also encourages spectatorship, but differently than Addison and Steele had done with their journalistic works. Journalism today still does focus on news and current events, but sometimes it focuses more on sensationalism in politics, current events and celebrities in order to gain a larger audience. So me media that focus on the news and current events sometimes tend to show bias. Addison and Steele almost did the opposite of what modern media is doing in the present. They focused on bring information and education to the masses through their journalistic work, and they did not care whether they had a large audience or not, that is why they did not use sensationalism in their work. They also did not include politics in some of their writings to avoid bias. Even though a lot of the modern media has changed, that involves more of the use of sensationalism it does not represent all mainstream media. There are still some media that stay true to the purpose of media, which Addison and Steele exemplified in their literary work.Journalism primarily provides get at to people about the news, current events, and commentary. Its purpose is to educate of the unknown. Addison and Steele through their qualities and their writing styles brought truth to the purpose of journalism. Although they were not the first journalists they still exemplified qualities and similarities of journalism in their literary work. There were many before them that developed the writing styles that they had used. The Spectator is a perfect example of Addisons and Steeles journalistic writing styles. It exemplifies the intent and purpose of journalism and did not discriminate against on whether someone could read it or not, it was a piece of literature that was intended for everybody. Today, modern media does promote spectatorship, but not necessarily in the ways Addison has defined or had intended it to be. It has strayed slightly from its original purpose. The modern media today focuses more so on sensationalistic ideas and events than on providing educational information. It does this in order to gain a large audience and in return receive a bigger financial paycheck. Even though not all media is like this it still makes one question the integrity of media that has progressed and changed thro ughout the years. This is why we have to reevaluate our system of the media to focus less on sensationalism and more on education like Addison and Steele did.

Environmental Analysis Of Mobile Phone Industry Marketing Essay

Environmental Analysis Of Mobile Phone Industry merchandising analyzeTo analyse the outer environment of a mobile industry and to identify the implications to the marketing de sectionalizationment of a large mobile producer, which is decided to develop a new range of high-tech mobile devices for young professionals, it would need to produce a report c everywhereing various external influences that have an impact on the activities of the organisation and seek on the effects on our nodes and suppliers. Any organisation is affected directly or indirectly by the internal and external incidentors, whereby the external factors are the ones which an organisation has no control over them but can try to handle the internal ones.In looking at this report, it has been divided into distinguishable parts which give make it clear and explain them accordingly. The first part will go through the marketing research process where in it will explain deeply round the prime (qualitative) resear ch which involves in live interviews questionnaire survey and secondary ( three-figure) research which will be referred from books, magazines and internet and the second part of this report will talk more about the swearing and SWOT analysis.MAIN BODYMarketing researchMarketing research is the efforts put into purpose the feelings and opinions of consumers to make a better reaping or service. It is the systematic design, collection, analysis and reporting of info and findings to a specific marketing situation facing the social club. (Lecturer nones Kotler p, Marketing management 2009, p 190)Marketing research processDefine the problem and develop a research planCollect and analyse the information pitch the findings and making decision.To produce High tech mobiles for young professionals company should see the current prevailing situations in the external environment. Looking at the above diagram we can see the main tracks how marketing research can be processed in market ing by,Secondary researchPrimary researchSecondary ResearchThis is a type of research which contains existing information which is published already that can be obtained from newspapers, magazines, internet, books and even journals. We can get quantitative information from this research and less investment needed for this kind of research.Advantages and disadvantages of secondary research.Advantages areIts available it can be acquired quickly at any time, unconnected the primary research which is being acquired from the field , there for our mobile phone company can acquire their information from internet ,journals and books even others.It is cheap (affordable) less pricey than primary method. Its gotten from books ,internet which does not cost them much compared to primary which will male it very hard fro our company to acquire informationprovides a good get-go point for the research-the exploratory stage. T has happened indeed this is because it shows the outcome of what others have done and what has happened to them there for makes our company know to startDisadvantages areIt is not specific since it does not answer the question straight away. And existing information may not be true fro example they could give wrong figures on the answers of the their researchIts lots out of date, for example census is done once in every ten years to become commercially available. The information could have being there for many years for example books are written long time ago hence put of date nowDifferent sets of secondary data are often inconsistent, especially when it is an inter field of study data.Based on lecturer notesAccording to the various methods used in conducting the research which involved both secondary and primary data, found various marketing authors such as Geoff Lancaster, David Jobber and Philip Kotler who have defined various external factors which can in addition be referred to asPEST (Political, Social, Economical and Technological factors) ana lysis.SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis.These eternal factors are the ones which the company has no control and they are discussed below as followsPEST ANALYSISPOLITICAL FACTORS The political lawThe company must(prenominal) be up to date with the changes of the political law, which are established by the government and have an influence to the company, because the company must comply with laws made, as it can be seen the labour government in the, Geoff Lancaster et al states that, United kingdom in may 1997 led to a undivided lay down of new policies made by the newly elected government like training programmes to encourage the unemployed to work. Imposed taxationes can also be seen as another law affecting our company this due to the rise of the taxes that our company must be able to meet with. Due to the fact that this is an external factor, therefore any business institution cannot avoid but get prepared at any time, And thus leads to overchargin g of our customers and the company must be aware that the laws are made with action, so if not followed can lead to consequences and thus should be avoided.The political stabilityIts essential for the company to operate in a peaceful place one in order to increase in the security of the company and thus increase in the confidence of our oversea buyers and suppliers which is good for our business like the country in the UK enjoys a high political stabilityECONOMICAL FACTORS This consists of various factors that have an effect on consumer purchasing power and spending patterns, this varies according to the places and its level of incomeThe company must respond to the changes of social attitudes basing on buyer behaviour like it can be seen in the U.K with recession most plurality tend not to buy luxury goods so in such a situation the company must know on how to rate their prices. Inflation is also one of external factors affecting the company, therefore this issue must be considere d because the company has no power over it (whereby money loses its value). The company cannot control the supply of money in an economy.SOCIAL FACTORS This includes demographic and cultural aspects of the external macro environment, these factors have an effect on our customer needs and the size of the potential market, some of the factors includeCultural habits of people and beliefsAge groupTECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS This can be seen as the most salient force in our company due to the rapid improvement of engineering regarding to the product, the engineering seems to be improving on a higher rate earlier we had phones just for picking up but now we can see phones which serve internet and are touch screen enabled, as a company have to keep up with this high technology in order or else our customers will consider us outdated.Need to keep track and superintend the technology in order to keep up with our competitors and monitor this will help us in avoiding and missing new products and opportunities.Preparation of innovatingInnovating new technology as a company should be prepared with a certain quantity of money in order to purchase and keep up with the upraising technology in the world.SWOT analysis(http//www.excelsia.ch/htmlgb/blog/images/swot-analysis-image.png, retrieved on 13/02/2010 at 118 am)The overall evaluation of a companys strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats is called SWOT analysis. It is a way of monitoring the external and internal marketing environment. (Philip kotler, marketing management, 2009. P 101)In SWOT analysis Strengths and Weaknesses are internal factors of a mobile industry.Strengths are blood location.A good, unique, new advanced innovative product.Procedures and processes of product quality.A specialist marketing expertise in the industry.(http//www.marketingteacher.com/Lessons/lesson_swot.htm, retrieved on 13/02/2010 at 123 am)Weaknesses areMaintaining poor or bad quality of goods and services.No suitable location for bus iness.No uniqueness in the product compared to the competitors products.Damage in reputation.In SWOT analysis Opportunities and Threats are external factors of a mobile industry.Opportunities areBenefit from converging industry trends and introduce hybrid products in the market.Making buy process convenient and efficient.Offer product at lower price and fast delivery.Customizing the products offered in standard forms.(Kotler Philip, marketing management, 2009. P 102)Threats areIntroduction of tax on the product.Better distribution channels by competitor.New unique advanced product from competitor.Competitors offering products for lesser price.(http//www.marketingteacher.com/Lessons/lesson_swot.htm, retrieved on 13/02/2010 at 125 am)FINDINGSSecondary researchAs about the consumer needs found in the secondary research done by referring the available sources the following results were obtained about the current marketing situation for production of high tech mobile devices for young p rofessionals.(http//www.handcellphone.com/wp-content/uploads/mobile-marketing-coupon.jpg, retrieved on 14/02/2010 at 4.24 Pm)Primary researchFindings of primary researchPersonal live interviewsI visited fewer mobile stores called The carphone warehouse on the 15th of February 2010 at 1130 Am and Phones 4u on the 15th of February 2010 at 0200 Pm to enquire the specifications and requirements of high tech mobile devices for young professionals and interviewed fifteen (15) young professionals who had come for purchasing mobile devices. I personally interviewed eight (8) people at The carphone warehouse and seven (7) people at Phones 4u who were between the ages of 22 to 26 and were professional job holders.ResultsA multipurpose usable device with long range of features like internet for email access, camera, music player, touch screen, MMS, GPS receiver, QWERTY keypad and other applications.Portability of product for convenient carrying (to fit inside pockets).Affordable pricing of t he product (in a range between GBP 300 to 500)Most of them were choosing phones with good design, quality combined with advanced technology.Questionnaire surveyI prepared a questionnaire consisting of 10 questions with few being multiple choices, dichotomous rating scale. I visited canary wharf the business and financial capital of England and conducted the questionnaire survey with professional workers in many multi national companies.The questionnaire used for surveyMobile devices should be of multipurpose use?Yes NoWhich kind of mobile do you take?QWERTY keypad collar screenTouch screen and QWERTY keypadAlphanumeric keypadWhich one do you prefer the most to access email?Phone LaptopWould you like to have a music player on phone?Yes NoWhat range of pricing would you prefer for a phone with good features?200-300 pounds300-400 pounds400-500 pounds500+ poundsWhich one do you prefer?Good design and features helpful for workGood designJust helpful for work and workAny design for comm unication

Essay --

Looking back at Americas historic state of fights I wonder what would have happened if we lost any of them? What wouldve happened if we lost in the war against Great Britain? What would have happened if we lost in any other war from our pass? There is a strong possibility that this country would have been governed by a form dictatorship, not a state of democracy. War to some is seen as destruction and death to millions of innocent and guilty individuals. But war is much more than just destruction and death its about argue ones country honor and improving individuals way of life. Having a strong and powerful legions is great for a state of matter for reason, it can defend, and it can boost the nations economy.Structurally, when different societies and cultural groups look at the military, they should ask this question, What makes the military so intimidating to the point we despise it? In my opinion, the military probably seems intimidating because of their nonstop technologica l advancements and using anthropologist to help better them chthonianstanding a different culture from their own and also go to war with an resistance without harming innocent civilians. Yes, it can be said as well as seen, that the American military spends billions of dollars each year creating and advancing their technology to outgun their enemy during times of war (Lutz). The billions of dollars that the American government uses towards military not alone creates weapons of war, it also provides jobs and keeps a steadiness in the business cycle (Lutz).Even though the government spends a very large amount of money on the military cultural groups tend to overlook the cultural intelligence that also being used to overcome and overpower the enemy. The Human Terrain System (HT... ... as peacemakers in a warzone, they are often looked upon as individuals who are promoting war. The HTS program was designed to meld troop education, ethnography and save lives in communities and terr itories.Death is evitable it can never be prevented. Death can happen at anytime, anywhere under any circumstances. Like the soldiers who enlisted in the military, the anthropologist knew there was a slight possibility that they would be killed in a foreign country. I feel as though both the anthropologist and soldiers are putting their lives on the line so the world can be a safer place for future generations. When I look at both the military and the brave anthropologist who are apart the HTS program I look at two completely different occupations with one common goal, hard to find a safer way for different cultures and society to cohabit the world with being enemies.

Hatred in Notes of a Native Son Essay -- James Baldwin

The Destructive Nature of HatredHatred for white nine was a common sentiment among the black community during the 1950s. These feelings were verbalized through different mediums, ranging from music and art, to the written word. But James Baldwin, a popular black writer during this time period, does not harp on this subject. preferably of preaching about his hatred for white America, Baldwin utilizes his narrative and analysis techniques to gild the destructive nature of the black societys hatred for white society in Notes of a Native watchword.The hatred macrocosmy African Americans possessed during the 1950s caused multiple riots. Baldwin touches on this in Notes of a Native Son, by mentioning the Harlem riots that broke out during the time of his fathers death. Baldwin states that it would have been better to have left the plate glass as it had been and the goods lying in the stores (Baldwin 82), but it would have also been intolerable, for Harlem had needed something t o smash (82). The black community, infuriated by improper police action, exploded into a fury of anger. While Baldwin does not argue against the riots, he points out their futility.The riots, as Baldwin points out, did not cross the ghetto lines. Instead of wreaking havoc in white neighborhoods, the black mob simply destroyed its suffer area. The mob had succumbed to its hatred for white society, but in doing so, destroyed its own neighborhood. Thus, Baldwin points out the self-destructive nature of the black communitys hatred. Instead of causation damage to white society, or even white property, the black community ended up inflicting wounds on its own people. Baldwin does not stop with this event to illustrate the irony of the black commun... ... and from it learns two key lessons to prevent a similar destruction of his own life. Baldwin first states that one must accept that injustice is everyday (84). Prejudice, according to Baldwin, will always exist in life, whethe r it is against race, color or creed. But while prejudice is ever-present, Baldwin concludes one must neveraccept these injustices as commonplace but must fight them with all ones strength (84). In order to succeed in this fight, one must watch his own heart free of hatred (84). Thus according to Baldwin, the real fight is not black society versus white society, but rather man versus himself. It is only by winning this battle that one can avoid the path of destruction.Works CitedBaldwin, James. Notes of a Native Son. 1955. James Baldwin Collected Essays. Ed. Toni Morrison. New York depository library of America, 1998. 63-84.